Showing posts with label refugees. Show all posts
Showing posts with label refugees. Show all posts

Monday, December 15, 2014

Home Away from Home for the Holidays

American Thanksgiving Ecuador style
Not surprisingly, the holidays can be a particularly challenging time to be far from home for anyone. No matter your rough and ready attitude or seemingly insatiable wanderlust, when the season of food, friends, and family settles in, it can make for a good time to reflect on your loved ones across the seas and the new companions you’ve collected on your voyages far from home. It’s a time for sharing time-honored cultural traditions like American Thanksgiving (complete with explaining why engorging ourselves for an annual sumptuous meal does not, no definitely could not equate with America’s expanding waistline and soaring obesity rates. Just pass me the pie, please), and for overhearing your co-workers retelling your abbreviated account of that first bountiful meal (so the natives gave the Pilgrim people food and then the Pilgrims killed them all, but the Americans don’t really celebrate that part anymore. Now it’s something to do with family and pie). Eventually you have to intervene to offer an edited abbreviated version of the feasting holiday :)

Paseo de Guapulo dancer ahead of fiestas de Quito
It’s also a time for partaking in local traditions, in learning what a wonder higos and queso (figs and cheese) can be around Christmas (no really, you’ve gotta try it!) and finding out how in Ecuador in celebration of the New Year men frolic the streets in minifaldas (miniskirts), tacos (tacones altos, high heels), and wigs dressed as viudas (widows), the forlorn wives of the passing year, soliciting coins for their welfare in the streets. In Quito in particular, the grand parade of the holiday season starts the first week of December, which is dedicated to fiestas de Quito (parties of Quito), a weeklong celebration of the foundation of the city. (Happy 280th birthday, Quito!!) A week of shortened work days and seemingly ceaseless partying and gallivanting, including converted pick up trucks posing as chivas (party wagons) to cart imbibing revelers around the city, the week ends in a series of food festivals and concerts all across town. Puts American New Year’s to shame. 

Amidst all this reveling and merrymaking with family and friends new and old, another thought creeps in. Though I have willingly chosen to pick up, pack up, and carry on life overseas, there are many who simply did not have the luxury of choice. Those for whom home was no longer an option. And those are the people I came here for. The ones who most likely will not get to spend the upcoming holidays with the people they love most.
El mirador (lookout) at the laguna de Cotacachi (Cotacahi lagoon)
                               
Though conditions in the country have improved drastically over the years, roughly 10% of the Colombian population is estimated to have been displaced by the violence that has dominated the past few decades. Neighbor to the long-since conflict-ridden country, Ecuador has played host to some tens of thousands of officially registered refugees and has served as a space for nearly 200,000 asylum-seekers from its northern neighbor. Asylum-seekers encompass a diverse group representing several classes of individuals in the displacement process, including solicitants who aim to receive official refugee status under Ecuadorian law and solicitants who seek resettlement by third country parties in North America, South America, Europe, and elsewhere. Since I arrived, I’ve been slowly absorbing what exactly the tedious process of gaining the coveted refugee title entails in Ecuador. From arrival to seeking out NGO support and relief assistance to lengthy entrevistas (interviews) with UN officials chronicling every—often painful—detail of abuse, assault, and attacks before escape. Just a few months ago, this process was confined to a mere 15 days from the date of arrival. Beyond that date, a solicitant’s petition would be summarily denied, whatever the circumstances. Fortunately, however, due to intense pressure on the government, that window of application has recently expanded to a far more reasonable 90 days.

Road to Otavalo
So here you are, perhaps a mother with two young children, ages 8 and 14. Your husband was executed a few years ago, mowed down with several friends on his way home from work. A waitress, at times, you were forced to provide food and lodging for known drug traffickers, on several occasions that also included sex. For quite some time you endure it because you have no one to flee to who can protect you and you want to at least provide for your kids. Then the day comes when your son is threatened by a gang of traffickers—join or die. And that’s when you know it’s time to go. You don’t have the option of looking back. And there you are. In the middle of a new country with the clothes on your back and the children in your arms, and what happens now? If you’re lucky, if you’re not in hiding from fear of retribution even hundreds of miles away, you seek help and maybe you come to our office. You tell your story, your case is passed on and if the governmental powers that be deem you worthy, your case credible, then you get a tiny slip of paper that determines your fate—Ecuador, Canada, USA, Sweden, etc. You have a new home. 

Many believe that the story ends there. The verdict has been handed down. Your destiny served to you in a manila envelope with cold impersonal clasp. Maybe there is a resettlement or protection officer somewhere silently cheering the new status flashing on the screen: accepted. Maybe there is a family member left behind who calls to wish you well: you’re safe. Maybe nothing changes. It’s been nearly a year since you came to this country and maybe you still wake up and can barely feed your kids; your food ration coupons withdrawn after you surpassed the allotted period of food aid. Maybe you still walk the streets trying to conseguir trabajo (acquire work) however piecemeal and by whatever means necessary; some days you cook, some days you clean, some days you just simply sit and wait. But wait for what? Initially it was the day when you could flee your country to relative safety nearby. Then it was the day when you interviewed with those officials, pleading for your life and your children’s welfare. Then it was the day you knew the food aid would come. The clothes would come. A verdict would come. Then it was when, when, when.

Market days
But maybe you already know nothing changes. You can’t afford more than beans and rice, no nutrients for your growing kids. No one will hire you because you are Colombian, no work to keep the family stable. Your children are mercilessly belittled by students and teachers alike, no reprieve even behind scholastic doors. Yet still every day you come home and wonder maybe. Maybe today things will change. Maybe today will be different. 

When I joined a team dedicated to durable solutions, for quite some time I had no idea what that really meant. Sure I had grown accustomed to hearing of medios de vida (livelihoods) that enable impoverished families to get back on their feet with some form of income-generation. But the idea of durable solutions en sí was fairly new. So much of relief assistance is predicated upon humanitarian emergency standards—disaster strikes and organizations flock to the field to administer immediate support. Imminent danger passed, those same organizations (and often their funds) withdraw leaving whole populations to wonder what next. This is referred to as the ill-tended relief to development continuum, that treacherous path between emergency response and the road to long-term recovery. This is the very nexus in which so many refugee families are caught in a limbo that leaves them at times fed, clothed, housed yet without a way to move forward. Hence durable solutions—sustainable, impactful, and lasting intervention that builds resilience and the ability to withstand future shocks. So much more than just finding a job.

Cotacachi
For the past three months, I have been fortunate to participate in three budding projects taking shape among refugee populations in Ecuador—building a stepladder out of ultra-poverty through a model that helps families graduate from stages of pobreza (poverty) with consumption support, skills training for the workplace, and savings; another project connecting young people to livelihoods opportunities (internships, scholarships, etc.); and a third providing access to credit and formal financial institutions. (Some wonder why the latter would even make a difference, but you think about what your life would be like if you were barred from opening a bank account, were unable to store up safe savings for a rainy day, or could not access that vital seed capital to get you to the next step in your business, education, or mortgage.) Each of these projects aims to help cushion families from that next lethal and unexpected blow that they just might not recover from. We often take for granted our social safety nets and the very social capital (friends, family, neighbors) that casts a vital lifeline in times of crisis. For refugees, that is the first thing to go in a strange new home away from home. 

Teleferico. What exactly am I doing, you ask?
I have gotten many questions about just what exactly I am doing in Ecuador right now. Well, so far I've have spent a great deal of time researching whether we are meeting our mandate to provide durable solutions and how we can gear our programs to better do exactly that. Some take monitoring and evaluation for granted, as tool to be applied to please donors, but the way I see it, at the end of the day M&E is what keeps us honest in the provision of aid. It is what reminds us of why we are here, what we came to do and for whom and how and when. 




So what exactly am I doing? Precisely what Fulbright brought us here to do: live, learn, and try to love the process, or at least like it when the going gets rough with all the myriad trials and tribulations of adjusting to a new country and new life. Most days I just have to remind myself to appreciate every moment, even the painful bumps and hiccups, however difficult that may be. Because at the end of the day, at the end of my stay, the fondest memories are the memories I carry home for the holidays and all the days to come—days winding my way through markets, dancing down the aisles for festivals, diving into new dishes, meeting hoards of new faces, and going on trips to take in all the breath-taking sights along the way. And with every step of this program in the name of cultural immersion, there’s some hope that maybe I'm designing programs that truly will make a difference, maybe someone can wake up to a life filled with just a few less maybes. A life where not going home for the holidays will mean feeling a little more at home in a new home for the holidays and every day. Maybe, just maybe. Because then with the grateful words, big smiles, and warm hugs of comfortably, even happily, settled individuals, we´ll know we’ve been doing the job just right all along. And just maybe I won’t need my evaluations to tell me that after all ;)  

Wednesday, October 29, 2014

Safe House


Entryway to my apartment
Before I arrived in Ecuador, the resounding chorus I heard from friends, family, and random inquirers primarily revolved around taking as many pictures as possible, avoiding cartels and the northern border with Colombia, and generally keeping self and belongings safe. So I bought a concealable camera pouch and practiced the art of quick snaps when no one’s looking (just to make sure it makes it back to the US with me ;)), and avoid making friends in seedy and questionable places particularly those of the narcotics-trafficking type. I sought out an apartment in a crowded part of town with two gates, three deadbolts, and five keys to boot. My laptop found a new home in the oven and my phone in the toaster when I’m away. I learned to use doorstoppers to stop doors from opening rather than closing; to keep purses securely positioned in front, never back; to only take official taxis in the nighttime; and to remember to always check around corners in poorly lit hallways. Gradually, rather than a regimen strictly and fearfully adhered to, each step becomes routine, expected, and almost comforting. It doesn’t mean any fewer days adventuring or fewer nights out on the town, just the peace of mind that all steps (at least every step that can be taken) has been to make the next few months memorable in the way that one loves to remember a new home away from home.
At Warmi! Brunch Ecuadorian style!
That includes days brunching and wandering the sinuous streets of Guápulo, a winding, mountainous sector of the city full of artisan workshops and homes, as well as nights dancing alongside an over-sized yellow and blue minion at Despicable Me themed parties at night clubs (complete with piñatas and children’s birthday décor)—you just can’t make this stuff up. In fact, there are quite a few alarming things that have slowly begun to sink in as simply part of the fare du jour. For example, waiting my turn in the interminable lines in the Foreign Affairs office and watching a young child projectile vomiting over at least three bystanders, none of whom flinched, winced, or even budged from their seats. (Fortunately, with some quick thinking, the mother was able to flip the baby upside down to ensure the rest of her stomach contents made their home on the floor, not nearby laps.) At least I didn’t get splattered.
Amigos en el mirador de Guapulo (Friends in the Guapulo Viewpoint)

Perhaps my favorite part of the day is the bus ride home from work. Generally speaking, deathly afraid of crowds (sticky fingers, people, sticky fingers!), I try my hardest to avoid the sardine-packed blue metal contraptions barreling down the street at the end of the day. Only once have I actually ventured into the human compactor fondly referred to as the trolebús (trolley bus) that literally attempts to squeeze the life out of riders, their hips, lips, bums, and bags tightly smeared against glass and their fellow passengers. If you’re lucky enough to press cheeks with a fellow traveling companion, sweet remnants of this afternoon’s patacones (unsweetened fried plantain slices) or queso fresco (local white cheese crumbles) filling your nostrils with every slight breath—not many, there’s just not a lot of room for expanding of lungs!— you just might enjoy the absurdity of it all. That is of course until you wriggle free, emerging into the crisp evening air with a slashed backpack or purse sans valuable contents (where did they find room to slice your bag?!) or barely escape with your life moments after the trolley doors have slammed shut on either side of your head as you attempted to disentangle yourself from the human mass. (Fun fact: I have had the pleasure of experiencing only one of these two things!) 

But, to the point—bus rides. The evening bus, though occasionally standing room only, is typically a raucous affair of sorts. I must note that I learned early on that when people hiss at me or nudge me towards the back of the bus, contrary to my American self-righteousness, it has less to do with my complexion than the convention of boarding at the front (to pay the coin collector) and exiting at the back to keep the flow of bodies, bags, and babies on the move. If you do get the chance to sit down and observe as the tides flow in and out of the bouncing transporter, you are bound to notice a few things:
Street performer in the Centro Histórico
1)      Everybody and their mothers are on the bus. And I mean that literally. It seems like the whole world and often their mothers or mamá-like figures along with bundles of blankets in which I’m pretty sure small children are lurking.

2)      Babies don’t cry. I have no explanation for it, but whatever the bundles swaddled in cloth and closely affixed to their mothers, they rarely if ever seem to utter a peep!

3)      Even rich folks cross town on the bus. Rightly so, Quiteños seem to have picked up on the fact that traffic is horrendous most afternoons, particularly when a sea of yellow taxis takes to the streets in the wake of a recent rainstorm (every single afternoon). Thus, everyone from sharp business suit-clad gents to back-pack toting students and vendors hauling their wares pile onto the little plastic seats together. 

Rainy day Quito

4)      Bus drivers love messaging. Above the driver there is often painted a message, or PA as it were, to all who dare to board. Sometimes the messages are religious in nature: Qué Dios Le Bendiga (May God Bless You). Sometimes, they are just downright offensive: No le deje a su mujer tope el celular (Don't let your wife/woman stop/take your phone). Who knows what she’ll find…?

5)      You never know what you’ll want to buy. This has to be my absolute favorite aspect of riding a bus—much like train rides in India and Burma, in Ecuador, you really never know what’s being peddled your way on the ride home. From children and young adults selling pedacitos (pieces) of candy and mints (25 cents for three! 50 cents for a half dozen!) to the DVD guy who hops on and proceeds to—with great flourish—re-enact the most dramatic moments of the movies he hawks. Never mind that the DVD in his hand is Finding Nemo (his fishy lips are very enticing!) or yet another movie about the White House under siege (I could have sworn those gunshot effects were real!), he bounds up and down the aisles switching between a deadpan monotone reciting the titles and prices to an animated announcer’s voice advising you to delve into the wondrous world of graphic design, now only un dólar! And if he’s not panhandling DVDs, he’s toting a foul-smelling green something reminiscent of Asian tiger balm or days at Grandma’s house in the winter, slathered in Vicks Vapor Rub “to keep from catchin’ a cold.” As he rubs the slippery salve on his skin, the odor filling the bus with a pine-smelling menthol aroma, I always fight not to make eye contact, to keep my eyes averted, whatever my sense of curiosity because if I don’t, if I even just bat an eyelash in his direction—done. There’s the sticky green salve hand in my hand, pressing a packet of not-sure-what into my palm with the expectation of a shiny coin in exchange. Sigh. It’s always me!

Kissing llamas in Papallacta!
After what feels like an eternity, I finally return home each day (Purse on person? Check! Phone still in toaster? Check! Laptop waiting in oven? Check!), exhausted yet reflective of the day’s events. Every moment, small or large, from the enervating brain teasers of speaking Spanish all day with colleagues to the anxious perusal of volumes of papers, papers, and oh yes, more papers to the nail-biting uncertainty of with whom and when and where lunch will occur (flashback to teen movies of the eerily familiar glasses-toting tween alone with an apple, milk carton, and book in the cafeteria) and then the rare chance encounters when there I am able to meet the very people my team works so hard to serve.


En la oficina (At the office)
During my second week, I was invited to a closing ceremony for one of our entrepreneurship capacity trainings, a program co-affiliated with the Ecuadorian government. An eager crowd of Colombian refugees sat in the audience as roll was called for each to receive their certificates of completion, essentially with the message: Go forth and build ye thy business and prosper. As we went down the list of names, many names skipped over—she had to take her baby, he had no money for the bus—those in attendance stood proudly to accept their diplomas and smile briefly for the camera. Names complete, the floor was open for everyone to share their thoughts on the program, thoughts ranging from sheer elation to tearful thanks to spreading blessings from God for the good fortune of participating.

And then one woman stood, initially equally tearful with joy at the blessing of a program that provided financial and management skills to build their businesses. Before long however, smiles gave way to sobs as she admonished the program administrators for not protecting her, and her business, from the constant barrage of assaults she experienced on a regular basis as a Colombian refugee in Ecuador. With audible gasps all around, she lifted her shirt to reveal several puñaladas (stab wounds) from a recent attack on her small restaurant by a group of Ecuadorian men who had threatened her and her family for running their business. You can prepare us, she sobbed that day, but you can’t protect us. And she was right.


El Panecillo en Quito
Part of what draws many individuals into work with vulnerable populations is the desire to make some sort of a tangible impact on the lives of the beneficiaries we work with. Pero hay un límite. (But there is a limit.) There is only so much that can be done and so many finite resources poured into helping those most in need. There will always be something more, some aspect out of our capacity and control, but when resources are few and personnel stretched thin, you can only resolve to do what you can with what you can. That’s the sobering reality of this work. On some level, we do all recognize that, but just the same—it doesn’t make those moments any easier.